Assuming you're using windows, at the log-in screen, in one of the lower corners should be an icon called ease of access (I think). One of the choices should be an on-screen keyboard. Try using that and your trackpad and buttons to enter your password. Either that, or try plugging in an...
Why don't you just pull the optical drive and eyeball it to be sure? It USUALLY only takes the removal of one screw (but not sure about a laptop that old).
The description looks right to me, but the photos show the wrong connector.
I have no clue as to performance that could be expected. I have also never owned an SSD.
EDIT: I may be using the wrong names for the connectors themselves (SATA vs. IDE), as I know very little about such things. But I...
All those links are for ultra-slim bay caddies. you need this:
https://www.amazon.com/Tray-Universal-12-7mm-Enclosures-ThinkPad/dp/B075846MD2/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&qid=1525841753&sr=8-7&keywords=laptop+hard+drive+caddy+tray
EDIT: Now that I've scrolled further down the page for your Amazon link, I...