In the Spring, I start out with the ceiling fan and a small room fan in my upstairs office (400 Square feet). By mid-day, I turn on a portable room air conditioner (10,000 btu, not a window unit, but a free standing unit that vents the hot air to the outside via a flexible duct through the window). By late Spring/early Summer I will have to use the portable unit in conjunction with the central air conditioning unit upstairs (5 ton unit cooling almost 3,000 square feet). I keep the vents closed in the rooms not being used, and a good amount of cool air spills down the front staircase and over a balcony upstairs to cool 1/2 of my first floor which is isolated by doors from the other 1/2. For the 1/2 of my first floor that is used the most (kitchen, laundry room, breakfast room and master bedroom), I use the central air conditioning unit for that part of the house (2.5 ton unit) that is pretty efficient.
My biggest cost reduction came from switching from a high cost energy plan to one that offers a lower cost/kilowatt hour once I reach 1,000 KWH used per month. Living in southeast Texas near the Gulf Coast, in the summer I can easily reach 3,000 KWH used per month for 3-4 of the hottest months. During the hottest days, at night the temperature may only cool down to 80F at night and can reach over 100f in the afternoon (not for weeks on end, but mid 90f is common for about 3 months).