Hi Thank you for your Feedback!
So the Windows 10.0.17763 are one of the older Windows 10 model's.
The 17763 Version is Related to the 1809 Windows Version.
View this link for basic information about the 1809 Version=
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4551853/windows-10-update-kb4551853
The Problem(Your PC ran into a Problem error Blue screen Of Death)Could only be Due to Faulty Windows Drivers and The Windows itself(Older versions etc)....Windows installation on the CD are Most likely known to cause much problems and errors.
You have an Asus Laptop Which its Components are 100% Compatible so I don't see this Error/problem relates to Faulty or broken Hardware components
I Would Highly recommend You Re-download the Newest Windows 10 1909 Version Build 18363.900
and you make an Bootable USB Device to isntall your Windows.
You are going to Use the Newest Media Creation Tool 1909(New Windows 10 Installer)To make your USB a Bootable Device.
1.Download the Newest Media Creation tool 1909
Link Here=
https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/software-download/windows10
2.Grab a USB Device(Bigger than 4GB)and Connect your USB Device.
3.Run the Media Creation Tool as Administrator then select the to use a USB Device for Installation.
4.When the Process is done restart your (Asus Laptop)And enter Bios Setup...
Make sure your USB device is set on 1st Boot Device in bios,,,,Then you boot directly on to your USB device then enter your new Windows 10 installation.
5.Chose your Drive to install Windows on which will be the Toshiba mk2555gsx Drive and install
6.After Successfully installing Windows,,,
Make sure you update Your Drivers First!!Do a Windows update and wait for all updates To install and finnish.
This will Surely help you solve the BSOD Problem...Let US know if it worked.