Why a microphone?
Get the best quality Active Noise Cancelling bluetooth earbuds you can get and just us them.
I have expensive Bose Quiet Comfort II (meaning 2)... earbuds, and when I make calls I turn off the ANC, and instead put it in transparent mode so I can hear everything as normal. That way you can hear yourself when you talk on the phone... it's weird when you can't do that with ANC on.
Even though I suggest you turn the ANC off for calls, I think you want the best ANC earbuds you can get because you will still be using the ANC really to record the sound outside the top of the earbuds, so you can still hear yourself talk.
BTW, maybe other people aren't as bothered by having ANC on while talking? But many earbuds with ANC give you various levels of noise cancelling, so maybe you can find one that has a good balance for your needs.
You could get big over ear ANC headphones too, but that's kinda bulky/heavy/hot for lots of calls.
I would recommend you spend at least $100, no less than $35 (but that would not be ideal).
But if you can, get something like what I have, as they are just killer, not just for calls, but watching tv, listening to music, podcasts etc. Plus they come with a little recharging case which really does help a lot.
If I was a doctor or someone who made a lot of calls, I'd be investing in something like what I have or even better. Will just make life easier.
If you really want a mic, I'd suggest a clip on bluetooth mic (the kind you see for news reporters/podcasters sometimes. Rode make some famous ones.
Other than that, if you want an old school live music mic, Shure SM 58 Beta is pretty cheap for an industry standard mic. Really meant for live music gigs etc, or Public speaking etc... but it'd work just as well at home.
But again - go the earbuds dude.
Good luck.