can a gpu fan be destroyed by running it at 100%

Dust to dust, ashes to ashes.

Even a fan running at 0% (not running) will still fail given enough time.


Leaving behind philosophy ...


The key term here is the bearing type.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#Bearing_types


The bearing is how the fan blades are connected to the frame of the fan.

With fluid bearings and magnetic bearings being the most reliable due to producing the least amount of friction, heat and wear between the fan and the motor.