The partitions you see on disk management aren't related to the missing 300gb as its associated with a 930gb drive that isn't showing on the list. Is it an external hdd? Disk management should show all drives attached, i don't know how storage drives aren't showing??
does the storage drive show up in the bios?
If you had deleted the efi partition, PC wouldn't boot. I can see it on your picture unless that is from before? If you delete partitions at install time that you shouldn't, win 10 just goes with the flow. Its meant to make 4 partitions at boot but if you over ride it, it can be forced to only have one - I did it myself. I don't have an EFI partiton but Windows 10 still boots every day. It was only after the anniversary update I even got a recovery partition.
So what drive is the 930gb on? I can't see it showing in disk management? I assume disk management is showing a 250gb ssd.