The SATA port the hard drive you are trying to detect is connected internally. Try moving it to a different one.
Image of your board is shown above. If the drive you're trying to install to is connected to one of the two gray sata ports at the left-center of the image, try moving it to one of the 6 black sata ports at the far left. Once connected to one of those black ports, the Windows 10 installer should detect the drive.
Of important note for later - If the drive you are trying to make the Win10 installer find is a solid state drive:
Don't install Windows 10 quite yet... we just want to figure out if it is detected in a port on one controller, versus another controller. The gray ports are connected to the ASMedia controller, which operates much faster than the black ports (6Gbps, vs. 3Gbps). If you connect an SSD to the slower 3Gbps controller, you'll be handicapping it's read and write speeds resulting in a slower experience.
If the drive is a standard rotating, magnetic media hard drive, ignore everything in the last paragraph above. Regular hard drives (even modern ones) aren't fast enough to take advantage of the faster controller speed offered on those gray ports, thus it would make no difference which one you connected it to (save for the issue you are having now with the drive being detected). Your experience once Win10 was installed would be essentially the same in either case.
To sum all of that up: If you have an SSD, we want to try and make it work on the faster gray ports *if at all possible*. If it's a regular hard drive, then as soon as you can get Windows 10 to see the drive, install away!