1st off your explanation of the fan placement is quite confusing, but I get it, need to search for picture to be clear.
1.212 Fan at the front of the heatsink, pulling in air config. you can add 2nd one behind the heatsink as well, if you have extra PWM fan you can put it there, although you shouldn't BUY a new fan just for putting it on the heatsink (small difference, but there's certainly improvement) (I buy and sell Air cooler a lot since I like them over AIOs, mine got about 2-3c improvement)
1.1 IF you want to improve or upgrade the fans on the heatsink, choose high static pressure fan, so the fan can push through the heatsink to move the heat out. (Push air harder, improves temp, and will certainly runs more quiet both idle and underload)
2 and 3, Credits to Linustechtip
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OmkmluAYAQ
watch the video, it explain every single thing that you want to know. (CPU, GPU Temp wise)(6700K stock clock, R9 290)
If you're too lazy to watch the video all the way through (Ordered left > right, Worst > Best)
Heat sink only > 1F intake + 1R exhaust > 2F intake + 1R exhaust (very small difference from 1F1R that it won't effect any performance) > 2F intake + 1R exhaust + 1T exhaust (again lower temp than 2F + 1R that it won't effect the performance) 2F intake + 1R exhaust + 2T exhaust (Same temp as 2F1R1T)
if you have some money to throw into your rig, you can do these (note: won't effect much on temp differences and performance)
1.Change the exhaust fans (does help to push out the heat quicker and better) (choose high AIRFLOW fans, instead of high static pressure fans, why? simple, moves more air and heat off the case)
2.Change/Add your heat sink fan (Use high STATIC PRESSURE fans, instead of high airflow fans, why? simple, if you use high static pressure, it pushes the air harder to make the air goes through the heat sink fins, so the heat the came off the CPU > heat pipes > heat sink fins > blow off. if you chose high airflow, it pushes a lot of air, but the air won't push out the back of the heat sink as much and as hard as high static pressure fans.
2.1 Regarding adding more fans, (Use high STATIC PRESSURE fans, instead of high airflow fans, why? simple, if you use high static pressure, it pulls the air harder to help the first fan to take out the heat through the heat sink fins.
3.Adding more case fans
Corsair 200R intake fans at the front, there's a storage cage infront, so there's one open space for open fan, and one closed space for intake fan. you can use high airflow fan on the open one, and use high static pressure on the closed space one.
exhaust fan at the back you can change to high airflow one (better performance than the stock one, and will run quieter)
top fans you can choose high airflow fans as well (unless there's a dust filter, then use high static pressure to push the air through the filter)
That should help you quite a bit, Good Luck!
*also let me know if you need fan suggestion (with your budget too)
Update: Also you can use same kind of fan with the rear exhaust (high airflow) for your fans on the case door as well
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