How do we get the temperature and heat or thermal produced by calculating combination of TDP, clock Mhz, and number of core?
As we have hunch TDP not absolute determination for the heat/temperature final result
You can't calculate cpu core temperature from those parameters alone; you have to, for instance, accurately model thermal conductivity of the total heat path from the die to heatspreader then to cooler baseplate then to transfer medium (liquid for liquid coolers, heatpipes for air coolers) then from radiator fins to ambient. And ambient temperature, of course, since you can't ever be cooler than ambient on conventional cooling devices.
Just look at the temp readout in a fairly accurate and reliable monitoring program... HWMonitor for Intel, RyzenMaster for AMD, or HWInfo64 for AMD and Intel are some examples.
Finally: your hunch is right. TDP is not accurate and merely a guideline to help size cooling needs IF the system is setup precisely in accordance with design specs. Which they rarely are.
If you're trying to gain an idea of how much thermal energy the processor produces you have to look at true electrical watts being consumed, which is a function of electrical current and voltage. The problem there is getting an accurate measurement of current since it requires some kind of shunt device be included in the VCore current path. HWInfo can give a good approximation of it, but to be considered accurate you'd have to calibrate it's current derivations first by putting in a shunt device and actually measuring it.
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