Well, Windows has some generic drivers included. However, the best case scenario would be that you'd be able to use that part, but not at its full potential and all of its features. E.g. if you can't find a driver for the GPU, you won't be able to run software with heavy graphics that rely on the GPU as Windows will recognize it as a Standard VGA Graphics Adapter and not be able to tap into its features. In other cases (like with some wireless adapters), unless you install the appropriate driver, you might not be able to use Wi-Fi.
There are some 3rd party tools and websites which might be able to provide drivers for obsolete operating systems, but that could sometimes mess things up with the OS and you might end up needing to reinstall Windows.
Another option would be to check each individual component manufacturer's website for drivers for Windows XP.
In any case, I'd strongly recommend that you use Windows XP with Service Pack 3.