If it's a closed-loop cooler (CPU-only single, all-in-one unit), all you'd have to do is clean the radiator itself off every few months (I recommend a pull configuration since you won't have to remove a fan to clean the radiator). If it's an open-loop - contains a pump, reservoir, radiator(s) and waterblock(s) for your CPU and/or GPU, then you would have to empty and refill the loop every 6-12 months depending on the coolant/anti-algae you use.