From an Intel perspective, laptop processors are denoted with 'M' or 'MQ', such as an i3-2310M or an i7-4700MQ.
AMD processors are slightly trickier to distinguish because both desktop and laptops processors are prefixed with 'FX' or 'A'. The way to deduce which is which is to look at the specific model. For example, an FX-8350 is a desktop processor and an FX-7500 is a laptop processor.