Can you support that with a source of some kind?
https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.04492
I will try to explain some quantum basics, with quantum computer A and B example.
A entangles two photons (makes them interact, this is the easy part), then sends one to B. Now B measures the received photon, and by doing so it "collapses" into a true-random (in a Bayesian probability curve) eigenstate, officially the entanglement is broken.
Now the fun part: A's "real" properties are identically and instantantly correlated to what B got on their eigenstate, however A has no way to know which result they got until they measure, and measurement will give it a different eigenstate uncorrelated, as it would happen after the entanglement was broke due the previous measurement. This is why no communication faster-than-light is possible with our current knowledge.
However, B can send a regular photon with sightly varying frequencies to convey back what they got as a result, so A can now backtrack into what they got with the entangled photon and work from there for past and present communication.
Now, if you ask if this is an overtly complicated way to do what we currently do to send a simple internet ping, absolutely yes. So, why?
And the why is that Quantum Computers cannot read "charges" or binary yes/no photon frequencies like traditional computers, they can just read "entangled photons" and "frequency arrays to communicate the results of the measurements". So, they need their own special send/receive protocols.
And, this problem was a huge problem, since it meant that in order to create a "Quantum Compatible Internet" we would have needed to use new cables only for that, or make extremely cumbersome traditional into quantum translators, that are extremely bug prone. Well, no more problem. We can just use existing optic fiber.
I can't claim to understand how they work, but there are actually so-called post-quantum encryption schemes that claim to be resistant to cracking by quantum computers:
What they do is that you need to do intensive (something a regular modern CPU could take, say, 5 seconds to solve) non-random math before having the chance to try the encryption. This is indeed impossible for a Quantum Computer to do in any sensible time, as they are various orders of magnitude slower when doing traditional computing. But also, there is already a fairly simple proposition to the problem: just a simple "detect traditional intensive" detector and task is switched to be used by a traditional computer and this one sends back the result.
Not to mention that forcing CPUs to go at 100% for a couple seconds is also regular user-experience harmful.
The ones I've seen are maybe the size of refrigerator or perhaps a small car, including the containment vessel. Of course, that's not including the equipment needed to cool it down to its operational temperature range.
Yeah, the real issue is the need for the cooling equipment. If it weren't for this, they would even be consumer products for all that matters. However, Quantum Mechanics' Standard Model (the only empirical proven) requires universal entanglement to be broke to calculate, so only targeted entanglement exists, and only a restricted amount of degrees of freedom is allowed. This is only possible by isolating the system from all the particles of the environment, and this is equivalent to say 0 kelvin.
Since 0 is absurdly too cold to realistically achieve, the system must allow some external particles to enter and contaminate noise it, so they are still designed to operate at some temperature, but 273 kelvin would just lead to everything to decoherence outside calculations (infinity - 1).
So, yeah, the cooling comes with it.
Facebook
Twitter
Instagram