The motherboard doesn't matter. It's probably PCIe v2.0 with a x16 slot. If so, that's fine.
You need to find out what cards benefit for the EXACT software you use, and by how much.
I could NOT find any good information on benchmark results, nor could I found out how much CPU processing you need but if it's truly focused on just getting the code to the GPU itself and doesn't have any CPU processing in parallel then the CPU doesn't matter too much, or at least may not be as significant RELATIVE to the total processing power.
I'm assuming that your CPU is being heavily or even fully utilized?
OPENCL (not OPENGL for others) AFAIK is designed to split code between the CPU and GPU. If it does a great job of the GPU then the CPU contribution could be relatively minor.
So... not sure.
Other than finding links, the best way would be to buy an NVidia graphics card then run on CPU only, and with the graphics card and compare results. The HIGHER the relative gain the less benefit a newer CPU would be.
So for example, if you saw an 8:1 gain with a GTX1060 (so GPU + CPU vs CPU only) then it may not be worth upgrading to a new system.
Some situations may also benefit from more system memory, SSD vs HDD etc but again I don't know what you're doing exactly.
OTHER:
I know I see "CUDA" but you need to investigate Geforce (gaming) vs Quadro workstation cards too. Maybe you have FORUMS with links.