Ragnarous :
Dugimodo :
not really, in order to be programmable a circuit has to be designed for it or at least incorporate some elements that are designed for it.
Many circuits are designed with only a very set number of functions and won't do anything else without physical modification.
Computers and other programmable circuits are designed to be flexible and to run code. If you want to go much deeper into it though you may need to start reading some books... I'm going off technical courses from my trainee days in telecommunications in the 80s here and am stretching my memory even for the rudimentary stuff I've come up with so far.
Thank you so much! Do you have any book that you might recommend about these topics? I know it's pretty complicated but I am sort of tired of the forums always having threads about basic installiation of components and not actually understand the fundamentals of how that component is able to do what it does!
A true passion should spark the interest to search as deep as possible otherwise it is just a hobby ^.^
You need a few years of school to learn exactly what it takes to make computers work past computer tech stuff. I have a few friends that went into CPU design, took 6 years in a good school to learn.
For a good basic idea of how earlier computers worked, check on the A+ exam prep by Mike Meyers, there is some good info about history of computers in there also. Nothing on the programming level but at least something to start with.