Absolutely. There are no incompatibilities. The only real difference is in the partition and file system structures. Modern application could be filtered/modified for use on an old system like XP, and many people still use XP although there are a lot of applications NOW that won't run on XP due to dependencies that have no code support in XP. Windows 10 however should have no problem with files from XP so long as you have the appropriate program to open the format the book was written in. If it's a program that doesn't have a compatible version with Win 10 you may have to run in compatibility mode or install a filter for another program to convert it to a usable format though.
What format/application did you use to write it? Most text based programs have built in filtering for versions going way, way back.