Adapters are never a good idea. Just shows that the power supply isn't adequate to run your setup.
I disagree partially.
If you know what your PSU can do and the power draw of the system then adapters are perfectly fine to use.
The 12V power draw ends up coming from the same source. I won't bother discussing how RAILS work but for this post the answer to should he be worried is:
MAYBE BUT NOT LIKELY.
The fact that the graphics card only has a 6-pin PCIe means it's not going to draw 150W of power. If we assume 350W as a worst-case for sustained power draw then you've got 200W for the rest of the system.
What's the CPU and do you overclock it?
Most modern CPU's use between 70 and 150W (including motherboard)… any modern Intel that's not overclockable should be fine. Some overclockables ones are also fine but it varies by the overclock. You'd have a major PROBLEM if it was an overclocked FX-8350 or FX-9590 or similar though.
**If there is any DOUBT though I'd buy a better power supply.**