The first main reason is strength, plastic standoffs used to be used commonly, but that is because the hardware of a computer was much smaller (Weird, huh?) and obviously less powerful, and with this less power, less cooling was needed to keep it within a temperature range. And the overall system (Not including the cases, they're like a tonne of bricks), was much lighter. And these days, metal standoffs are used due to the systems being much heavier, due to overclocking CPUs with heavy heatsinks and fans, the GPUs such as the Nvidia and AMD ones are much larger and more powerful, produce much more heat so more heatsinks and fans are needed to keep it cool.
If you didn't already know, the standoffs nowadays are made of brass, and...