What does your BIOS splash screen show?
If this only shows 8gb, then:
Try booting to the bios screen with only 1 DIMM. Does it show up?
Try it again with only the other dimm. Does it show up?
If both dimms show up on their own, try putting the 2nd dimm in another slot. For example, if you are using slots 1 and 2, try 1 and 3.
Are you using on board video? If so, how much ram did you reserve for video?
In windows, open msconfig and see if you have set a maximum amount for your available ram?