Paul Otellini (2002 - 2013) was the last good CEO that Intel had. The company suffered greatly as AMD Athlon processors leapfrogged intel in the early 2000's, leading them to BREAK THE LAW MANY TIMES by paying bribes to keep AMD products out of laptops, but then AMD decided to build the excavator (stupid) architecture (only 1 pipeline but multiple functional units) which hardly worked.
Under Paul Otellini, Intel developed Haswell (4000-series chips) and that righted the ship. Then starting in 2013 there was a series of utterly useless marketing people with almost no college degrees who took over the company and turned it into a marketing & PR firm, not investing successfully in VLSI, not attempting to succeed as a foundry (Intel's ONLY prayer to survive the 2020s), and simpling renaming the same warmed-over stale chip designs almost 7 years running! Yep! Intel 5000-series and 10,000-series chips were almost the same thing!
The useless marketing people took intel from 5 years ahead of the industry to 2 years behind! In a field like microprocessors, 2 years behind is a death sentence over the next decade - it almost killed AMD !!
Intel's formula was always, "3 years ahead in VLSI and discount CPU designers because we're all a bunch of chemists running the company" but this doesn't work in today's market where everyone is designing using the same TSMC process - discount chip designers won't cut it Intel! Time to separate the foundry (low margin) from the CPU design (high margin) and get rid of these overpaid chemists!
It's not widely recognized that Intel loses money on EVERY B580 GPU THAT IS SELLS! They pre-paid for those TSMC factory wafers but the designs came in POOR. The chip and VLSI process is IDENTICAL to the NVidia Rx4070 but the performance is Rx4060 and it's 2 years late! That means FOUR YEARS BEHIND! Also it means a BOM of $300+ on a $250 card. Intel HAS TO sell these cards at a loss because they paid for the wafers 2 years ago! Many people don't realize how poorly Intel is executing right now - they are forced to sell GPUs at a loss just to recover the money wasted (sunk costs) when they prepaid for the wafers 2 years ago!
Intel tried to right itself by hiring AMD luminaries like Raj Koduri (Exec VP of GPUs) and Jim Keller (AMD Ryzen architect) , but the toxic culture pushed both of them away !!
Intel, RIP.