As of the latest two 'generations' of CPUs from both Intel and AMD;
i3 = 2 cores, 4 threads
i5 = 4 cores, 4 threads
i7 = 4 cores, 8 threads
FX series, amount of cores = amount of threads so,
FX 4xxx = 4 cores/threads
FX 6xxx = 6 cores/threads
FX 8xxx = 8 cores/threads. FX 9xxx as well, since they're basically extremely OC'd FX8xxx CPUs and not worth buying.
Then there's the IPC. Generally, the Intel CPU's IPC is twice as good as AMD's, so, VERY roughly, if an Intel CPU with 4 cores runs at 3GHz, it's the equivalent of an AMD CPU with 4 cores running at 6GHz, again VERY roughly. This is only valid for the cores themselves, not hyper threading. Hyperthreading loses 'efficiency' so difference won't be as big.
So a 4690k with 4 cores at 3.5 GHz is equivalent to the FX-8320 with 8 cores at 3.5 GHz. Except 8 cores are hardly being used fully at the same time, since multiple threads are currently not running as efficiently as single threads. So, generally the 4690k will beat the FX-8320.
Then there's the lackluster floating point performance of the FX series...