Pretty much the ISP does what it wants when it comes to how they connect their routers to other ISP routers and where they locate their equipment. Your only real option is to change ISP if it does not perform well and unfortunately most people do not have much choice when it comes to changing ISP.
Now if you are just interested in digging around and figuring out how things are connected there are a lot of tools. A number of ISP will give you limited access to their routers. Many times this function is called "looking glass". It varies greatly from ISP to ISP if they even have it.
My favorite site to start with is
https://bgp.he.net/
Again this will not improve your network connection it is something to mess with when your are...