Supposing you turned the power off when you removed the gpu then simply unplugging it and putting it back shouldn't have damaged it unless you got some freak electrostatic discharge but probably not so presumably you disassembled your old system and reassembled it the problem might be there.
No fix well can't wave a magic wand and say abracadabra it sounds like it was working 'til you disassembled it and if science is right then if you put it back exactly the way it was it should still work.
Unless you have a way to actually test the gpu in another system we're equally in the dark. Or can inspect the system to ensure everything is exactly as it was and should be. Such as all cables properly seated. Did you plug the GPU PCI-e Connectors back in?
Do you know what they are?
Maybe also the cr2032 coin battery on the mobo is flat and it drained it's last when you powered it off, so try a new one of those.
So what is your new mobo? Sounds like you got a board with also a different cpu socket type but there's no point in looking for another cpu (socket lga 1155 which is your current cpu and board combo, doesn't have ddr 4 supported mobos) and different memory if we don't know if the gpu is working.
If the gpu is really dead you may be able to chase the warranty it depends when the original owner purchased it is it an
EVGA? Here's their
warranty terms
You might have a 3 year limited warranty from when it was purchased so if it was nov/dec 2019 then maybe if you can rustle up the proofs of purchases you might be able get it replaced though it could also be out of warranty by a few months. Well this is the hassle you can get into unless you buy a GPU new.
You haven't said what your power supply is, could also be relevant if it's a weak non-recommended model:
PSU Tier List also here is a
Chart of GPU power supply requirements (which is a bit less stringent than the psu tier list) should be at least 600w for a 2080 super however, 600w of a naff power supply could also be the problem.
Sounds like you have a proprietary dell system so it probably has a proprietary dell power supply and a proprietary dell case as well which may not fit a modern power supply easily.
So how it worked before if the power supply is inadequate? Just luck I guess. Which maybe now seems to have run out.