Really?
Really
OP already has CPU and case.
Nah, you didn't read, he only has 3 components: CPU, HDD and GPU. The case he picked is really expensive and not a good quality brand.
So why you recommended Ryzen? And what's wrong with case. It's just a metal sheet construction. Not saying that cases can't be bad (I saw really horrible cases), but at that price you can put 360mm rad, it's full of tempered glass, was noticed in Youtube, so it doesn't look like blind purchase and some say it's excellent for RGB stuff. It looks like a good case with many features, just not from so well known brand. I looked at their website and it sucked, but I found what I needed. I personally would go with Fractal Design Define R series case myself, because they are elegant, have great cooling, are very good in acoustics and often can be found for rather low price. I found aging R4 really cheap myself and I absolutely love this thing. The only downside is that Fractal Design doesn't care about all those lights much, but I see why they do so. I find their reasons more valuable than just some LEDS and RGB lighting.
Sorry, 7640X does not include stock cooler
My bad then, but at that point, OP will need to buy cooler.
The cooler costs $100 with the $200 motherboard, I can buy another good set of CPU+motherboard, which is better, new platform, more cores, while X299 is close to an end. He can sell the CPU since it is purchased so cheap.
Oh come one, Noctua cooler is in 80s and with X299 you get some really awesome upgrade path. From only i5 to pure monstrosities, also you can put 128GB RAM (ECC if not that i5). Motherboard is expensive, no denying that, but it has lots of stuff you just can't find in consumer stuff. Normally it's horrible value to go X299 with i5, but since he got a good deal on that CPU, I see no reason to downgrade only to Ryzen. If I'm right, Intel still has better single thread performance than AMD, so it's not bad at all. AM4 is dead meat. After 2600 you can go with 2800x which is small upgrade and when you will want to upgrade, single core performance will matter more. With X299 platform processor upgradability options are great, all way up to 18 cores and 36 threads, which is already Threadripper category. He has a chance to have all that, so why go with temporary solution, aka Ryzen. In his case, to me it would feel stupid to go Ryzen, especially when motherboard is lower end X370 one. Oh, and Ryzen isn't all that new, I already hear of new Ryzen generation coming rather soon (I'm not counting Ryzen refresh as new platform).
Wrong, many M2 is SATA based too. You know that, right? Only NVME is faster in bench and they will not be the same price as normal SATA. For real life usage, no diff between NVME and SATA unless OP will do some productivity work. However, 120 GB will not be the case.
I'm a bit out of touch with latest SSD tech, but still it's only a small extra and huge theoretical gains. I see no reason to buy old tech SSD in this case. In my country, NVMe costs pretty much the same as SATA based M2 SSDs.
You only buy what you need with enough head room, you seem to over purchase all the time, the setup will never hit 400 W. My pick of 650 is due to cheap at the moment and also some upgrade space.
It will hit even more than that. CPU alone is rated for 105 watts, realistically it will eat more. Most important thing is that with each voltage step heat quadruples, not sure about wattage, but it seems to increase a lot. In FX days, overclocked processors ate lots of watts, this Intel chip is even worse than FX 6300. So I expect it to eat more power (when overclocked) than overclocked FX 6300. Then add GPU, RAM and other stuff. Soon it becomes obvious that 650 watts don't really offer that much headroom. Especially when more powerful unit costs only 20 dollars more, it's totally worth it. 850 watt unit costs much more and offers less gains, so it's not worth it.It's not hard or expensive to get slightly more powerful PSU, so why not go with one. I remember I found decent 700 watt power supply for only 60 euros (around 66 dollars) and it costed me just one or two euros more than same thing rated for 500 watts. It was a steal. It's not POS either. Reviews were decent enough, features slightly letting down, efficiency rated for 80+ silver. Especially with overclocked components I wouldn't feel comfortable clocking them a lot, when peak wattage of components is unclear. It doesn't feel safe and power supplies don't perform at their top efficiency, when they are loaded near 100%. Then I have argument about future upgradability of PC and if OP would want to add toasty Radeon card in there and toasty i9, 750 watter will not let him down. 650 watt unit will be really pushing it's limits. Considering his platform, it should be a good deal to upgrade CPU and GPU, when they will get much cheaper.
Noctua D15 is a huge cooler and I am not sure OP's case can fit.
I think that in case manufacturer's website there was mentioned 180mm clearance, so 165mm Noctua should fit. I have Scythe Mugen 4 PCGH in Cooler Master K280. It's a tight fit, but everything is fine. I have no problems with that cooler and it's really big. If I remember correctly, it's only few milimeters of space left, but it's not a problem at all.