Research without fabs is useless to a country.
Look at IMEC in Europe, they are responsible for probably half the discoveries on how to design new nodes. Yet without Europe having cutting edge fabs themselves, this R&D just gets bought up by TSMC, Samsung and Intel. Sure, the individual researchers make money, but neither does Belgium or Europe benefit from this, even though taxpayers fund this research.
The same is happening with Quantum computing, a lot of R&D coming out of Europe, yet without any actual chip design, this potential is just wasted since US and Taiwanese companies just buy up the research. It doesn't help these nations.
You need the R&D, Europe and Japan have this, but neither of them has the actual cutting edge chip factories needed to turn this into a money making machine like TSMC, Samsung and Intel have.
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