@lurch3:
Raid-1 takes two drives and mirrors them. What is on one drive is copied to the other drive. If one drive fails, the other will still have your data intact. It is used by servers that can't tolerate even moments of unavailability. You and I should just back up our critical data to an external device, and take the time to recover if there is a drive failure. By the way, hard drive mean time to failure is advertised at about 100 years.
Raid-0 is striping. Half of your data is written on each drive. This is very good for sequential processing since the data can be read/written to both drives in parallel. Synthetic benchmarks show this benefit, but single user benchmarks do not show any real benefit.
There are other raid combinations involving more than two drives. Raid is set up in the bios. You have to specificly set it up to get it.
I tried it some time ago, and found no real benefit.