I found this comment on amazon q/a
I wish I didn't need this, but m.2 being a fledgling technology it was a must. I bought the Samsung SM951 128GB m.2 PCIe SSD hard drive and come to find that the Gigabyte GA-X99-UD4's built-in m.2 slot only supports 2x PCIe lanes severely handicapping the hard drive. I bought this to plug into the second PCIe slot and it the card ran all 4 supported PCIe lanes. The ATTO benchmark in the 2x M.2 slot scored a best read score in the neighborhood of 750MB/s. With this adapter and running full speed with 4x PCIe lanes the score leaped to 2,035MB/s.
If you can't get the expected performance out of your PCIe hard drive directly in the motherboard this may help. Just do some digging to make sure your motherboard's m.2 slot supports 2x or 4x lanes.
It would seem that the adapter should work.
Did you install the adapter in the second pcie slot? Perhaps that makes a difference.
Past that, I would suspect a driver issue.
Perhaps the Samsung pcie driver is not the proper one.
I found another comment that is possibly of use:
If your motherboard isn't seeing the new drive make sure that your PCIe slots are enabled for UEFI. I did this install on a ASUS Z87-Pro and the drive wasn't detected until I switched PCIe Storage from "Legacy" to "UEFI". I'm doing this from memory so the wording may not be exact as to the exact motherboard setting, but it was something like that.