Max current for a 4pin molex 18ga is 11A. At 12v that's 132w.
Max current for a 6pin pcie is 5A per pin, 10A used, 120w.
You can use a single molex to power a 6pin gpu. That's not the issue. The issue is in the adapter, which very rarely use 18ga wire, more common is the use of 20/22ga wires and non-standard pins, which lower current ability seriously.
The smaller the wire/cheaper the connection, the larger the resistance to current. Current through a wire causes heat from resistance. As heat rises, so does resistance. Which raises current, which raises heat, which raises resistance,........ And the next thing you have is a burning chunk of plastic inside your pc.
It's not that adapters don't work, they do, they are used quite frequently for many things. It's that the likelihood of using an improper adapter, from some cheap as possible supplier who cut every corner possible to save a few ¢ per unit, is astronomically greater than using the proper adapter for the needs.
Common sense dictates that if a psu does not have the correct wiring for your intended purpose, the psu itself is not intended to suit your purpose.
You've got 2x strikes against using this combination, a third will likely end up with damages somewhere, not excluding the possibility of a burned up pc.