To simplify, if possible do this:
1) run MEMTEST86 for a full pass. if no errors continue (if errors test each stick one at a time. see mobo manual for correct slot with one stick)
2) create W10 Install media on 8GB+ USB stick (4GB may work):
https://www.microsoft.com/en-ca/software-download/windows10
a) insert USB stick on working PC
b) download and run the W10 media creation tool
c) choose "other PC" then choose W10 64-bit
d) wait to download and finalize
3) unhook/remove everything you can on current PC
4) add a spare HDD or SSD
5) boot to W10 then install Windows (skip using a login email/pw)
6) if it boots problem probably was SOFTWARE but sometimes hardware that is failing works with basic drivers but has issues with the proper drivers (which unlock more functionality)
7) Install the appropriate drivers (video, audio) and a game or benchmark etc to ensure things seem stable
8) If stable you need to reinstall Windows IMO or restore a backup Image if you have one (I use Acronis True Image), or try to REPAIR the bootup (select the W10 Install stick in BIOS to boot to it, select REPAIR when prompted and follow instructions. Can Google for more info.
It's actually a bit confusing but quickly:
https://www.thewindowsclub.com/repair-master-boot-record-mbr-windows
So type these in order:
bootrec /RebuildBcd
bootrec /fixMbr
bootrec /fixboot
You may already be past the boot issue stage already. I'm not sure on those exact details but it's worth trying to see if you can get back into Windows.
*also, if your system made a RESTORE POINT you can try that... it's one of the options in REPAIR. Any programs installed after that date will be missing but not data.
I think you can keep hitting F8 on bootup and you may get to the Windows repair window as well. You could try doing that quickly and see if a Restore Point helps.
9) So at this point if you've now uses MEMTEST86 without errors and W10 clean install works fine (ignoring bootup repair or Restore Point for now) then it's almost certainly corrupted software. I'd reinstall Windows but try to repair bootup to get data off and plan it out carefully.
If clean install had issues then I'd say it's a HARDWARE issue. At that point it's mostly SWAPPING parts but I'd rule out the CPU and DDR3/4 memory since we ran MEMTEST86 (not 100% but close). At that point I'd swap these parts in order:
a) Graphics Card (or remove and use the CPU's iGPU if you have one)
b) Power Supply
c) motherboard (real hassle so process of elimination before this)
10) remember if data was corrupted but MEMTEST86 passed your Windows drive may be defective. Run a diagnostic (not 100% though).
11) Finally, make sure to buy a tool like Acronis True Image and automate a backup of the Windows partition. Here's my basic setup which backs up my Windows SSD to an HDD:
- weekly
- Incremental
- 1x chain (one full plus four incrementals)
- auto delete of older backups (all but the latest chain)
- 2nd highest compression (highest takes too long with minimal space savings)
That gives me at least FIVE backup points so that covers over a MONTH. If my drive fails, can't boot, or just get unfixable software issues I do this:
a) insert the Acronis Restore USB/CD/DVD (only if you can't boot but you should make one and put it aside.. I think the FREE version still allows you to make the same tool which works but not certain)
b) RESTORE the entire backup or just the BOOT parts
- I just had a problem with Windows when I came out of SAFE MODE and my PC won't bootup. It tells me my WINLOAD.exe is bad... I used Acronis and selected my last backup, but then didn't select the main (largest) part of the backup so that the BOOTUP files etc only would be overwritten. That WORKED!
I did decide to do a CLEAN INSTALL after which I'm still recovering from though then I'll make another backup which I will NOT allow to be deleted in case this happens again (errors can sneak in over time which you don't notice but are still problematic but I can't keep every backup).
*I'd PRINT THIS OUT then follow it unless your issue is solved.