It's hard to tell much from the photo, but look like a large burnt area suggesting significant energy in the event. It's also looks like it could be a VRM circuit based on what looks like a nearby inductor and the large capacitor at ground zero of the damaged area.
If so, the question that should be of concern is: what does that VRM provide power to? The NVME just above it? One of the voltage rails for the chipset just below? something else less important nearby? It may have survived this but it quite surely did it no good by stressing parts far beyond design limits, however briefly. It may even be operating with a voltage far outside of tolerance, now, doing silent damage to other components, such as the NVME drive.
I'd not trust it if the system is used for important work. If just gaming, then use it till it dies I guess.
And I surely do share the sentiment about cleaning too much. More systems die by being cleaned to death or re-pasting CPU/GPU's than actual component aging.