Yep could be as simple as that.
Another thing to think about, if you have installed the board in the case, and the main board mounting plate of the case is.
Short circuits.
This will be enough to stop a psu from powering up, if it detects any sort of + voltage hitting the grounding points of the motherboard or contact of electronic joints or components to the mounting plates.
If you have put the mounting studs on the back plate of the case for mounting and fixing the motherboard to it.
Take un screw the board again from the plate and remove it.
Now offer it up to the plate looking at the motherboard and where all the screw holes of the board are.
Double check you have not put a brass fixing standoff in the wrong place of the case for motherboard mounting and fixing.
That there is no brass ect standoff where there is no hole on the board that lines up with it and the back plate.
If you find an extra one where no hole exists to put a screw though to fix it to the back plat,e remove it quick !!!!.
Then screw the board back in.
Most of the time due to a momentary lapse in concentration and if new to building a pc it`s over looked.
But is a common fault when you find the board works out of the case but does not power up with the Psu connected to it when mounted to the mobo tray of the case ok.
Basically a short circuit. FYI nearly all new PSu`s have short circuit protection, if a voltage is found passing to ground at any point the Psu power is Isolated to prevent damage till you rectify the short circuit ok.