the only thing to boot off that drive should be a LIVE OS. a Live OS loads into the RAM to minimize the read/write strain on the USB drive.
an OS like windows would quickly trash the drive as it is not made for repeated, continuous random reads and writes. the speeds at which it does the reads and writes are far below what anyone would call usable.
does the laptop have a blu-ray or dvd drive? if so you could replace the optical drive bay with an ssd in a holder.
https://www.amazon.in/NISUN-Optical-Caddy-Universal-12-7mm/dp/B079ZM9L52/ref=sr_1_4?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1545422009&sr=1-4&keywords=2nd+hard+drive+bay
using something like this. example only, not an endorsement. buyer beware.
get the right height bay for the laptop.
if you cannot go with that an external SSD may also work.
https://www.amazon.in/Samsung-500GB-Portable-Solid-State/dp/B074WZJ4MF/ref=sr_1_1?s=computers&ie=UTF8&qid=1545422092&sr=1-1&keywords=external+ssd
example only, not an endorsement, shop around