What is the difference between ATX and MicroATX?

Size, yes. In the current market, not so much difference on the features. Alot of the current gaming/enthusiast grade boards have similar features on the ATX/mATX versions. Its just less expandability for the most part now. Here, have a size comparison chart.

motherboad_sizes.jpg

Link to image: http://lanoc.org/images/reviews/motherboardsizing/motherboad_sizes.jpg