What part measurements do I need to know before buying a case?

hello... typically... ATX motherboard is largest... uATX ( mATX ) is smaller... less slots to plug in things, but will also fit in a ATX motherboard Case. There are uATX motherboard only cases.

You want to find a case that will fit a Standard Size ATX power supply. So replacements will be common in the future.

And like Scout_03 said above... High end graphic cards can be very long... and the location of the PCIE slot on the motherboards, in relation to the case, can very... and you can have obstruction with a Smaller case "Drive Cages".

 
Part measurements? I assume you mean the dimensions of individual components as they relate to a chassis? Some major dimensions you'll want to know are;

- Graphics card length
- Power supply length of unit and length of cords
- Motherboard dimensions (the other posters have mostly covered this)
- 2.5" vs 3.5" drive bays

It really comes down to what components you plan to use.
 
Part measurements? I assume you mean the dimensions of individual components as they relate to a chassis? Some major dimensions you'll want to know are;

- Graphics card length
- Power supply length of unit and length of cords
- Motherboard dimensions (the other posters have mostly covered this)
- 2.5" vs 3.5" drive bays

It really comes down to what components you plan to use.

I'll find the parts I've bought and post them here, I have some cases like the COOLER MASTER HAF 932 Advanced RC-932-KKN5-GP in mind