Depends what devices you mean. If you were to connect a pc that has 2 ethernet ports to the router with multiple cable it will likely just give you a error on one of the ports. You need special switch options to combine 2 ports.
If you were to plug a cable between 2 ports on your router or switch a lot of consumer class routers will loop the network and in effect take down all the machines even on other switches. Since doing this can take down a whole company or section of a company commercial switches have a feature called spanning tree to detect and solve this some consumer equipment has this but it is still not a common feature.