Is there any chance you will be upgrading your CPU/MB in the foreseeable future? If so, I'd recommend going for the GTX 970. With your current CPU, you wouldn't be able to use its full potential (you'll have a similar problem with the 290x and to a lesser extent the 290), but if a CPU/MB upgrade is, say 50% likely over the next year or 2, the value a 970 represents in its price range right now is just too hard to pass up.
If there's no chance of an upgrade, then the recommendation to look at a 270x is a good one. It's a solid fit for those Phenom CPUs. Your 650 would be fine if it's a halfway decent power supply. A good 500W would be just fine with a 270x.
If you *do* have an off-brand firebox and aren't replacing it, I wouldn't personally go higher than a 750ti. 650W bottom-tier power supplies have big air quotes around the 650 and are almost entirely some combination of being made of substandard parts that you don't want to push too aggressively, being of an older design that puts far too much on the +5v rail than makes sense for a modern PC, or is just outright lying on the label. And frequently all three. While my recommendation is always to have a decent power supply, before any other consideration, a 750ti is gentle enough that you have a much better shot at being OK. The 750ti is also the most powerful GPU that doesn't require supplementary power and in the Tom's Hardware GPU hierarchy, it represents a three tier jump from your GTX 260, the quick rule of thumb if an upgrade will have a significant benefit.