The win 10 key is one use.. so if you are reinstalling Win 10 on a PC it has already been on, you just choose "I don't have a key" when asked for a licence, and win 10 will continue install and then reactive itself once attached to internet.
All the activation info is stored on a Microsoft server, so it knows what PC is legit, and what licence is tied to it. You don't need to know it now.
If that doesn't work, your only choice is to contact MIcrosoft as they are only people who can fix activation problems.