Windows boot issue, possibly MBR or BCD related

[Xagothae]

Some background:

I installed Windows 8 on an SSD a while back. After a while, it was doing some MS updates and on restart, failed to boot. After messing around with this, I determined it was probably the SSD and bought a new one and kept the old one in. I installed a new version of Windows (now Windows 10) onto this and everything was fine. Recently, I suspect the old SSD has died and has taken the MBR and whatever else along with it. I've now removed it and I'm trying to get everything to boot back in Windows.

What I've tried:
Automatic repair fails.

bootrec /fixmbr -- Success.
bootrec /fixboot -- Success.
bootrec /scanos -- Finds my current install (C:\Windows) just fine.
bootrec /rebuildbcd -- This fails with the error "the volume does not contain a recognized file system."

BCDEdit comes back and says "boot configuration data store could not be opened."

"BCDBoot C:\Windows" fails with: Failure when attempting to copy boot files.
"BCDBoot C:\Windows /s C:" succeeds.

DISKPART list disk shows:
DISK 0 Online, 232 GB, starred GPT

list partition shows:
Partition 1 - System - 128 MB
Partition 2 - Primary - 231 GB
Partition 3 - Recovery - 450 MB
Partition 4 - Recovery - 451 MB

In Gparted, I've tried to setting the boot and eps flags on Partition 1 and 2 (exclusively).

After POST and Gigabyte splash screen, I get the error:

Reboot and Select proper Boot device
or Insert Boot Media in selected Boot device and press a key

So to me, it seems like it's not looking where it needs to, even though my files and everything are all there. Any thoughts? I'm completely stuck now.

 

[basroil]

It's quite strange to see the recovery partition behind the primary, Windows 8 generally puts it up front.

It might need a repair install though.

 

[Xagothae]

Sometimes you just need to post and then you get it figured out!

After doing a bit more investigating with diskpart, I decided I should map the system partition to a letter so I could see what files were actually there. Two big issues then emerged: its filetype was RAW and I couldn't access the letter I had assigned to it, giving the same error above about the file system.

So I formatted the system drive back to FAT32 in gparted (though I could have used the format option Windows install disc I was using to access the command prompt), went back into the command prompt, mapped the partition to a letter, did a "BCDBoot C:\Windows", succeeded, and it booted fine.

It seems the system partition was corrupted somehow, somewhere.

I hope this helps someone in the future!