The reporting of the Colorado State report has a number of false and misleading assumptions in the WPC-sponsored Qi/A4WP efficiency study hence they have a vested interest in the outcome, skewed towards their self-interest. Some of the more important egregious assumptions are listed here:
1. The EPC wireless charging kit that was used as a representative of the Rezence standard was designed for power up to 38 W, much higher than the power load of 5 W, which is the Qi standard. Given that ALL power electronic systems exhibit lower power conversion efficiencies at lower power than for which they are designed, the efficiency numbers reported does not reflect the true conversion efficiency capability of the EPC system. The EPC system, although using A4WP based components, is not A4WP compliant.
2. The device (receiving) board used in the EPC kit was tuned for higher output voltage; so driving to a higher current (twice the design current used in the Colorado State study) will have a negative impact on both the device board and source (transmitting) system.
3. The efficiency comparison in the study was made using a 16 W-rated, multi-load coil set operating at one-third the rated power. If the comparison were made using an A4WP class 2-source coil (10 W rated), the efficiency of the EPC system would have been much higher.
4. Most noticeably, the study increased the distance between the transmit and receive coils of the EPC system beyond that specified by the A4WP standard, which placed the system at a disadvantage. This matters as the Qi-based system uses a fixed alignment and very tight well-defined spacing between the coil sets. The A4WP standard does specify a very specific distance between the coil sets based on a “use case” scenario. Increasing the distance for the A4WP system effectively placed it outside of the standard to which it was designed and tested.
Upon reflection, the Qi-financed study raises a fundamentally good question about the need to define and measure conversion efficiency. However, because of the difference in structure of the various wireless power standards, intra-standard comparisons of systems are straight forward and easily defined, whereas inter-standard comparison of systems designed under different wireless power standards requires far more diligence to adequately define that will result in a trustworthy comparison.