Honestly, I haven't checked the minute details of the mod (tech noobie here). But I am trying to see what we've missed investigating to see if it helps you solve the issue. My issue isn't with the Xeon itself, but the mod. (I know you've tested it on an officially supported motherboard, so it isn't an issue. The listing of things we know wasn't meant to be exhaustive, but working individual components would have covered anything which wasn't mentioned.)
I didn't realise the Xeon required cuts, though I assume your Xeon matches the picture you've posted. (I believe you'd notice if it didn't.) My concern then would be with these stickers which cover the contact points (or however they work). I've noticed people mentioning having to mod the socket itself as well, though I don't know whether you'd need to for yours. (I should really check out that youtube clip....)
And by process of elimination for trouble shooting purposes it seems to be the only thing which hasn't been eliminated. How we'd go about eliminating it as an issue though is trickier. (Actually, another sticker to replace the one already on your Xeon...)
Sorry, waffling now...
EDIT: I had hoped there would be more info on that youtube clip. At least I've watched it now. The cuts are there to eliminate the need to make that motherboard modification from what I can tell, so the Xeon can drop into the socket as if it was an officially supported CPU.
Reading through your original post... to me it still looks like the actual mod itself is the only thing we haven't been able to verify either way, seeing that you've tried everything else.
I have to admit I'm a bit wary of Foxconn, because the only time I've had a Foxconn motherboard was in a prebuilt PC and they tend to be slightly... nerfed versions of the proper motherboard. My personal concern, if I was doing this, is whether a nerfed motherboard would allow this.