Check it out:
I have seen that most cards will operate at 89MHz, but a few won't. Of those that do, most eventually get too hot and give errors or locks. The only ones I feel safe with at 89MHz are GeForce 2's and Radeons. And even at 89MHz, the Radeons get pretty warm-but still tolerable.
A lot of companies call AGP2x "AGP 133MHz". But it's not really clocked at 133, it's just 66MHz +DDR. Which is probably why your professor was so misinformed.
I know as a fact that many GeForce 2 cards can tolerate 100MHz. Tom even did that in his 150MHz project. But that's really pushing it. I frequently run 3D apps with the AGP bus at 100MHz with a generic GTS card, for testing purposes.
But 133? That is much beyond 100 even. I don't think TOM would even try it. But you could always chance it. If I were to try it (I have a little more guts than Tom), I would probably think about using better cooling on the graphics chip (I do), and putting a small heatsink on the clock generator. I give it about a 40% chance of success, and about a 20% chance of frying something. The remaining 40% chance is that it won't work but won't hurt anything permanently. At any rate, I serioulsy doubt it would kill the motherboard.
Cast not thine pearls before the swine