[citation][nom]livebriand[/nom]AMD uses the same architecture (x86) as Intel, so that's not an issue. (switching to ARM, however, DOES pose that problem)[/citation]
x86 isn't the micro-architecture, it's the instruction set architecture. Software that is optimized for Intel's micro-architectures generally doesn't run quite as effectively on AMD's micro-architectures, especially software that wants to use features that AMD's architectures aren't as up to date in (such as Phenom II with SSE compared to Nehalem and newer) or simply don't do as well in (Bulldozer fixed the feature support problem quite well, but it still has sub-par performance in some areas).
Beyond mere feature support and quality of that support, there is much more to consider for optimizing for a specific micro-architecture. For example, AMD and Intel are currently using two very different cache hierarchical balances of capacity and performance at each level. AMD's cache and memory is one of their biggest problems for their CPU performance these days. I find that ironic because Bulldozer versus Core is more of a reversal of Netburst versus Athlon 64 than most people realize. Not only are there the pipeline/heat comparisons, but there's also a common memory/cache performance bottleneck between Netburst and the Bulldozer family.
I could go on and on, but I think that this paints enough of a picture. Simply saying that one can't be optimized over the other because of x86 is incorrect to an extreme (heck, how the x86 instructions are handled and executed isn't even the same across many different x86 implementations despite all being able to run x86 code. For example, most modern x86 CPUs don't run the x86 code natively. They convert x86 instructions into multiple RISC micro-operations and run as many of them as reasonably possible in parallel for better parallelism than native x86 CPUs ever achieved. There's even a family of x86 CPUs (designed by Transmeta IIRC) that was natively a VLIW implementation. CPU performance is not even remotely as simple as black and white.