Battery charging and discharging profiles differ depending on the battery chemistry.
Many of the old NiCad batteries benefited from fully draining them and recharging them.
Lithium Ion, on the other hand, is the opposite. They need to be kept fully charged as long as possible to extend their life. So if you are talking about phone or laptop batteries, you need to fully charge them before removing them. Otherwise, they may not take a charge later.
By the same token, you should use your device while connected to the charger when possible. For instance, when you are at home keep your laptop on the charger while you are using it and only use the battery when no outlet is available.
How long they will hold that charge depends on their...