Yes. You can upgrade. If you can get past several things, like needing a whole new registration for windows as the version you have now is tied to the Dell motherboard and absolutely not transferable.
As mentioned, there's also the front panel connectors, which with dells are proprietary, so you'll need to re-pin them seperately in order to fit the new mobo. Do not mess up the polarity or get wires crossed or you'll shut down the pc instead of blinking the hdd light. Etc.
There's also the psu mains and eps connectors, pray they line up, Dells have a bad habit of using 5 or 6pins or other oddball proprietary connectors there too.
Aftermarket stuff is pretty universal, it has to be to target the widest sales base, but Dell is Dell, so somethings will require adjustment, bit it can be made to work.