Immediate flag: "Antec EarthWatts Green EA-380D 380W"
380 Watts likely too low for the build. As a result the PSU may be beginning to falter and fail.
GPU alone recommends a minimum 300 watt PSU. (Note: double check the GPU model number and check recommended PSU specs.)
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High temps could be throttling CPU.
As a reference:
https://www.technipages.com/what-is-thermal-throttling
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Look in Reliability History and Event Viewer for error codes, warnings, and event informational events that have been occurring starting before and since the fan problem began.
If he is running lots of apps, utilities, etc. to "improve" or "enhance" game play then buggy or corrupted software could be part of the issue.
You can use (just use one at time) either Task Manager or Resource Monitor to observe system performance.
What resources are being used, to what extent (%), and what is using any given resource.
However you need to run the PC to do any of the above.
Look in Task Manager Startup to determine what all is being launched at startup. Try disabling any of the "crap" that is extra background to reduce the load on the CPU.
I am very much leaning towards a PSU problem. However there may be other ideas and suggestions.