A faulty cable or plug is likely to do just about anything sometimes.
With respect to the DVI cable: There are five basic connector types using various combinations of 29 pins.
Google "DVI cable pinouts". Take a look at the connection types and what cables you are using.
E.g.:
https://superuser.com/questions/617260/dvi-d-singlelink-dvi-d-duallink
I would be a bit pressed at this point to work through the pin-outs to establish the exact fault within the cable(s).
And, it could have been a problem with the connection port being used. The replacement cable may have just provided a stronger, more secure fit and some electrical path restored to normal.
After looking at the cables and cable combinations you are using the...