The reason it only partly shows up in Win XP or 10 is that the hardware is running, but the data on it makes no sense to Windows, so it cannot read it correctly. (In Disk Management, if you look at the BOTTOM RIGHT portion of the window - and it SCROLLS so you can see all it has - you can see all the hardware that the BIOS recognizes, but Windows still does not understand.) VERY likely this is because the system does not have the correct parameters. As I said earlier, this unit may not have the ability to report its own parameters to the BIOS, so you will have to enter them manually. You may or may not be able to do that in your modern-machine BIOS Setup screens when using the adapter and HDD connected by USB. If not, you may have to do this with the unit re-mounted in your old machine.
You have the parameters you got from the label. By the way, the third parameter, "35 spt" is the number of SECTORS per track - often abbreviated as just Sectors.
I found these very handy instructions on a site by stason.org, on a page for your drive.
What are the drive type and the drive parameters in the CMOS, for
Western Digital drives?
On top of the drive, the number of cylinders, heads and sectors
per track are printed on the label. Precomp and L-zone should be
set equal to the drive's cylinder count + 1. Select user type or
custom type (typically type 41 or 42) for your drive. This will
allow you to type in the parameters. Older systems that do not
offer a user type can either upgrade the system BIOS or set the
drive to drive type 1 (which should be a smaller drive size), and
run Ontrack Disk Manager from A drive to get the full capacity of
the drive. If you do not follow one of these procedures and your
system is pre-1994, you will be limited to the largest size drive
your BIOS will allow.
So, in BIOS Setup you specify that the Drive Type number is 41 or 42, whichever allows you to enter a custom set of parameters. Then you enter those parameters, including Pre-Comp and Landing Zone if required. This should then display the correct drive size of 212 MB. SAVE and EXIT and see if the machine can read that drive to boot.
BEFORE you do this, check the jumpers on the set of 6 pins (2 rows of 3) on the back edge of the HDD. Also look closely at the label on it - there should be a map of how to set them. The info I got was that, IF this is the ONLY HDD connected to that ribbon cable and IDE port of the mobo, then there should be NO jumper on those pins. So that should be the setting for use in the old machine, and for used with an adapter and a new machine. When using it in the old machine and connected to the mobo IDE port by a ribbon cable, if the cable has three connectors on it, the blue one on one end goes to the mobo port, and the black one on the other end goes to the HDD. Each end has ridges on one side to match slots in the socket, and a blocked hole that must match a missing pin in the mating socket, so they only plug in the correct way.For a single-drive setup, do not use the grey middle connector. Of course, ensure that the Molex power connector also is plugged into the HDD.
Now, back to the problem of getting into BIOS Setup on the old machine. You are using the "F2" key, whereas I am used to using the "Del" key, whcih is very common. BUT the correct key could be almost any one. To start, here's a clue. Turn on and just WATCH the screen, particularly at bottom left. It should show you as message about what key to push to enter BIOS Setup, or maybe simply "Setup". Note that. If necessary, push the "Reset" button to force a re-start, then use that key.
Next, I often find that simply pushing that key during POST does not work.O think the process sometimes is just not "looking" at the keyboard when I push it. So I am in the habit of holding down that key (In my case, "Del") right after switching on, until the opening screen of BIOS Setup appears.