As jsmithepa said, if screen worked before windows, it could be either screen brightness or.. laptop was set to use external display
screen brightness is usually on most adjusted also with fn+F7/F8 keys (they have little symbols for it, some laptops use F4/F5 but in any case, symbols)
The screen thing is same, fn+F4 (or F8, still depends on laptop, the keyboard usually has symbols for it) which switches between laptop screen only, extended to both, cloned and external only.
Of course, laptop screen might also be broken and thus why it is black but that would require that you see nothing when you start it up.