I'm having the same issue here and is describer also here:
http://www.overclockers.com/forums/showthread.php/735065-MSI-H55M-E21-RAM-Question
Using the same motherboard too. MSI H66M-E23 (MS-7636)
Also I started off with 2x Kingston 2GB sticks (KVR13N9S6/2) which worked alright.
Then I decided to upgrade and I just bought two 4GB sticks that should be compatible (I didn't check this list :https://eu.msi.com/file/test_report/TR10_2157.pdf but I wish I did.)
So I bought 2x Hyperx (Kingston) 4GB sticks (HX313C9FB/4) same as regular Kingston version just equipped with a fancy cooler, which I'm sure doesn't play a role here.
And same issue. I put in one and system goes to Windows boot, starting Windows and the system stops, turns off for a second and restarts like nothing happened. If I put in 2 (both) sticks system stops at the MSI logo, basically at the same place as in exalted24's screenshot.
I tried downclocking memory frequency and nothing changed, I even had to remove the battery because system didn't start anymore.
I have no clue what's wrong. It should be working as the RAM frequency is within specs, capacity too, voltage. So I'm kinda pissed off.
Have fun and buy new gear altogether. It's about time.