Hello everyone, I am doing a paper for college for my ASM x86 class, that should describe Intel and AMD 64 bit processors and their instruction sets. I am not asking anyone to do my homework for me. I am just asking for a little direction here. I have goggled a few links but I can not use sources like wiki or any other link that does not contain valid citations. Up until now I have never really had a whole lot of experiences with hardware, except for maybe just replacing parts. So what I am asking for here are the good sites that I can get information from. Sites that have a good reputation, or any article that you may have come across that maybe a good source of learning.
I am a Game dev/Application dev/ Web dev, and I am learning ASM for optimization as far as I know so far.
Some of the languages I have studied so far include
HTML, C++, C#, VB6.0, VB.net, Delphi 7, ASP.net including some CSS, MS SQL, SQL express, SQL Server and as I have said I am currently in week 5 of ASM. 😍
Some the Libraries and layers I have used include
Irvine32, Boost, OpenMp, DirectX, and SDL(Currently learning this as well)
The reason I am listing these things is so that maybe I could tie all of these things into my paper and how they all relate. For example game porting(SDL), Boost and OpenMP(Optimization and Multi threaded processing)
• Technical aspects of the new technology
• Role of the new technology in computer organization and structure
• Ways technology improves performance
• Specific applications to game industry
• Separate glossary for the technical terms used in this paper including detailed definition of each term and associated principle
Here are my sources so far....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64
Although I can not use this link in my bibliography I can still learn from it to break things down a little more for understanding things in other articles that may go over my head.
http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/56018-analyst-intel-reverseengineered-amd64
I realize that AMD and Intel kind of leap frog each other every other year, but I found it interesting in this article that it has been reported that Intel reverse engineered AMD's Instruction set. What I am curious about is if this a common thing? Is it illegal to do this? I also realize that as a programmer just about anything can be reverse engineered.
http://www.dailytech.com/AMD+to+Make+64Bit+ARM+Processors+for+Multiple+Markets+Starting+With+Opterons/article29065.htm
This link describes ARM AMD processor but what I am unsure of is if it relates my subject or if it is a completely different type of processor. It also talks about trashing the old x86 processor. Which from my understand x86 work on both 32bit and 64 bit systems.
I appreciate any guidance I may receive and thank everyone for taking the time to look over my post.
So far the hardest thing I have done in ASM x86 is decrypted a file and plot points on an axis and then color code the points according to the quadrant they are in.
Here is my project and since this is a hardware site I believe someone may understand the code.
I had a few bugs in my project while trying to plot the points, maybe someone can figure this out. By the way this assignment is already handed in so I won't be receiving any extra point for it now.
Here is the link to the encrypted file.
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/64787986/inputfile.txt
Code:
TITLE Week # 4 Assignment
INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
.data
encrypedFile BYTE "inputfile.txt",0
decrypedFile BYTE "outputfile.txt",0
BUFFER_SIZE = 5000
buffer BYTE BUFFER_SIZE DUP(?)
bytesRead DWORD ?
intX DWORD ?
intY DWORD ?
intAxisX SDWORD -15
intAxisY SDWORD -15
.code
main PROC
call question1Proc
call question2Proc
exit
main ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
question1Proc PROC
;Question 1###################################################
;a.-------------------------------------------------------
mov edx, OFFSET encrypedFile ;Open the file
call OpenInputFile
push eax ;Push the register on the stack
mov edx, OFFSET buffer ;points to the buffer
mov ecx, BUFFER_SIZE ;max bytes to read
call ReadFromFile ;read the file
mov bytesRead, eax ;count of bytes read
pop eax ;Pop the register off the stack
call CloseFile ;Close the file
;b.-------------------------------------------------------
mov esi, offset buffer ;Point to the buffer
mov ecx, bytesRead ;Loop counter
Decrypt:
mov al, byte ptr [esi] ;get byte at current pointer
xor al,0ffh ;Translate a byte
mov byte ptr [esi], al ;move that decrypted byte back to our buffer at current pointer
inc esi ;point to the next byte
loop Decrypt ;loop
;c.-------------------------------------------------------
call WriteString ;Print the message to the screen
mov edx, OFFSET buffer ;Display the buffer
call WriteString
;d.-------------------------------------------------------
;Create the output file
mov edx,OFFSET decrypedFile
call CreateOutputFile
;Write to file
push eax ;get the decrypted file
mov edx, OFFSET buffer ;points to the buffer
mov ecx, BUFFER_SIZE ;max bytes to read
call WriteToFile ;Write to file
pop eax ;Pop the register off the stack
call CloseFile ;Close the file
call Crlf ;Go to the next line
call waitMsg ;Wait
call Clrscr ;Clear the screen
;e.-------------------------------------------------------
COMMENT &
Bonus Question:
Hi Joe,
Here's at question I have pondered. What is the hibernation period of the antartic polar bear?
Thanks
Andrew
Anwser = Polar do not hibernate or live in the antartic
polar bears instead enter a state of walking hibernation
where their metabolism slows.
Only pregnant polar bears enter a den, give birth, and emerge three months later.
[url=http://www.polarbearsinternational.org/about-polar-bears/faqs#q15]http://www.polarbearsinternational.org/about-polar-bears/faqs#q15[/url]
&
ret
question1Proc ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;a.-------------------------------------------------------
;Question 2 procedure
question2Proc PROC
mov ecx, 32 ;Moving 32 into ecx to use to control the point loop
point: ;Start the loop
call randomY ;Call the randomY Procedure
call randomX ;Call the randomX procedure
call checkPoint ;Check what quadrate the point belongs
mov dh,BYTE PTR intX ;Moving intX into dh to use with GotoXY, had to use PTR because of size difference.
mov dl,BYTE PTR intY ;Moving intY into dl to use with GotoXY, had to use PTR because of size difference.
add dl,15 ;Adding 15 back into dl because negitives do not work.
add dh,15 ;Adding 15 back into dh because negitives do not work.
call Gotoxy ;Calling Procedure Gotoxy
mov eax,intX ;Moving intX into eax to display with WriteInt
call WriteInt ;Write the integer
mov eax,intY ;Moving inty into eax to display with WriteInt
call WriteInt ;Moving inty into eax to display with WriteInt
loop point ;End of loop point
call Crlf ;Move the cursor to the next line
call drawAxis
call waitMsg
ret ;Return control back to main
question2Proc ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;randomize Y procedure===================================
randomY PROC
call random
mov intY,eax
ret
randomY ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;randomize X procedure===================================
randomX PROC
call random
mov intX,eax
ret
randomX ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;random procedure===================================
random PROC
mov eax,29 ;values 0- 29
call RandomRange ;Generate a random int
sub eax,15 ;value from -15 - +14
ret ;return
random ENDP ;end random procedure
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;check point procedure
checkPoint PROC ;Begin check point procdure
mov edx,intX ;Moving intX into edx for compare
cmp edx,0 ;Comparing edx to zero
JG Xgreater ;If edx greater then zero jump to Xgreater
JL Xlesser ;If edx less then zero jump to Xlesser
Xgreater: ;Xgreater knows that X is greater then zero, now compares y
mov edx,intY ;Moving intY into edx for compare
cmp edx,0 ;Comparing edx to zero
JG YandXGreat ;If edx greater than zero jump to YandXGreat
JL XgreatYless ;If edx less than zero jump to XgreatYless
YandXGreat: ;YandXgreat is the Quadrant 1, sets text color to yellow
mov eax,yellow + (black * 16) ;Assign the color yellow
Call SetTextColor ;Call the color function
JMP Complete ;Jump to complete
XgreatYless: ;XgreatYless is Quadrant 4, sets text color to green
mov eax,green + (black * 16) ;Assign color green
Call SetTextColor ;Call the color function
JMP Complete ;Jump to complete
Xlesser: ;Xlesser knows that X is less then zero, now compares y
mov edx,intY ;Moving intY into edx for compare
cmp edx,0 ;Comparing edx to zero
JG XlessYgreat ;If edx greater then zero goto XlessYgreat
JL XlessYless ;If edx less then zero goto XlessYless
XlessYgreat: ;XlessYgreat is Quadrant 2, sets text color to cyan
mov eax,cyan + (black * 16) ;Assign color cyan
Call SetTextColor ;Call the color function
JMP Complete ;Jump to complete
XlessYless: ;XlessYesll is Quadrant 3, sets text colot to red
mov eax,red + (black * 16) ;Assign color red
Call SetTextColor ;Call the color function
JMP Complete ;Jump to complete
Complete: ;Complete jump
ret
checkPoint ENDP
;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
drawAxis PROC
call drawXAxis
call drawYAxis
ret
drawAxis ENDP
drawXAxis PROC
mov ecx,36
loopXAxis:
mov dl,BYTE PTR intAxisX
mov dh,BYTE PTR intAxisY
add dh, 16
sub dl, 36
call Gotoxy
mov eax,0
call WriteInt
INC intAxisX
DEC ecx
loop loopXAxis
ret
drawXAxis ENDP
drawYAxis PROC
mov ecx, 36
loopYAxis:
mov dl,BYTE PTR intAxisX
mov dh,BYTE PTR intAxisY
add dl, 10
sub dh, 236
call Gotoxy
mov eax,0
call WriteInt
INC intAxisY
DEC ecx
loop loopYAxis
ret
drawYAxis ENDP
END mainThanks for any help!
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